This chapter examines essential fundamentals of psychological science that are most significant for Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) professionals. It is subsequent in a chain of three that observe the human as a human being from biological, psychological, and social perspectives to assist the consideration of the human response to hazards, work, and interaction, relationships, how work-related grievance and infirmity come to mind, and how to avoid or tone down such outcomes. Psychology is defined as “the scientific study of behavior and mental processes” (Coon & Mitterer, 2010). Although it comprises various secondary disciplines and theoretical perspectives that differ in methods, scope, and spot of the focal point, the modern practice of psychology, in both educational and practical settings, pledge scientific strictness in the assessment of human behavior. After brief deliberation of the history of modern psychology, the chapter presents some basic psychobiologies, which signify the link between foundation science, and human biology and behavior. It then addresses fundamentals of behavioral, cognitive, and personality psychology, and mental disorders, and concludes by in view of some ways in which knowledge of human behavior can inform OHS professional practice.
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